1. Discussion of common features of lanthanide elements
2. Usage of lanthanide elements in modern equipment
3. Concepts of anti-penultimate shell, penultimate shell
4. Characteristic of 4f orbitals and the consequence
5. Why lanthanide elements form mainly +3 oxidation state?
6. Explanation of lanthanide contraction and their consequences
7. Why Lu(OH)3 behaves as weak base while
Ce(OH)3 is strong?
8. Explanation of strong oxidizing agent of Ce+4 and reducing agent of Eu+2
9. Actinide elements and actinoid
contraction
10. Differences between lanthanoid and actinoid elements
